“A fan convector, also known as a fan coil unit (FCU) or fan-assisted convector, is a type of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) device commonly used in both residential and commercial buildings. It combines the principles of convective heat transfer and forced air circulation to provide heating or cooling to indoor spaces. Here’s a breakdown of its components and how it works:
Components of a Fan Convector:
Heat Exchanger: This is the core component responsible for transferring heat between the heating or cooling medium and the air. In heating mode, hot water from a central boiler system or other heat source flows through the heat exchanger’s coils, heating up the coils. In cooling mode, chilled water is used instead.
Fan: The fan’s primary role is to circulate air through the heat exchanger coils. It draws air from the room through the heat exchanger, where it is either heated or cooled, and then distributes the conditioned air back into the room.
Motor: The motor powers the fan, providing the necessary airflow to ensure efficient heat exchange. Fan speed can often be adjusted to control the heating or cooling output of the unit.
Filter: A filter is usually installed in the air intake to remove dust, allergens, and other particles from the air before it passes through the heat exchanger coils. This helps maintain indoor air quality and prevents the coils from becoming dirty.
Thermostat/Controls: These components allow users to set the desired temperature and mode (heating or cooling). Some advanced units might have more sophisticated controls that can be integrated into building automation systems.
Drain Pan: In cooling mode, condensation forms on the cold coils. A drain pan collects this condensation and routes it to a drainage system to prevent water damage.
Casing/Cabinet: The fan convector’s casing or cabinet encloses and protects the internal components. It is designed to allow proper airflow and heat exchange while being aesthetically pleasing and fitting into the building’s design.
How It Works:
Heating Mode:
The thermostat detects that the indoor temperature is below the set point.
The fan motor starts, drawing air from the room through the air filter.
Hot water flows through the coils of the heat exchanger, heating the coils.
The fan blows air over the heated coils, transferring heat from the coils to the air.
The now-warmed air is pushed back into the room, raising the indoor temperature.
Cooling Mode:
The thermostat detects that the indoor temperature is above the set point.
The fan motor starts, drawing air from the room through the air filter.
Chilled water flows through the coils of the heat exchanger, cooling the coils.
The fan blows air over the cooled coils, transferring heat from the air to the coils.
The now-cooled air is pushed back into the room, lowering the indoor temperature.
Fan convectors are versatile and can be installed in various configurations, including ceiling-mounted, wall-mounted, or concealed installations. They are particularly useful for providing zoned heating and cooling in buildings, offering individual temperature control for different rooms or areas.”